To install Python 3.10 on your EC2 instance without internet
access, you can use your Windows machine with connectivity to the EC2 instance
to download the necessary files and transfer them to the EC2 instance. Here's
how you can do it step by step:
1. Check Current Python Version on EC2
On your EC2 instance, check if Python is installed and its
version:
bash
python3 --version
2. Download Python 3.10 on Your Windows Machine
- Visit
the official Python website: Python 3.10
Downloads.
- Download
the source tarball (Python-3.10.x.tgz) and the required
dependencies for offline installation.
3. Download Required Dependencies
Since your EC2 instance runs Red Hat 8.6:
- Identify
the dependencies for Python 3.10 (e.g., gcc, make, zlib-devel, openssl-devel,
etc.).
- On
your Windows machine, download these RPM packages from the Red Hat Package Manager or
using a CentOS 8/RHEL 8 system that matches your EC2 instance's
configuration.
4. Transfer Files to EC2
- Install
an SCP client on your Windows machine, such as WinSCP or use an SCP command.
- Transfer
the downloaded files to your EC2 instance:
bash
scp -i your-key.pem Python-3.10.x.tgz
user@ec2-instance-ip:/path/to/destination
5. Install Python 3.10
On your EC2 instance:
- Extract
the tarball:
bash
tar -xvzf Python-3.10.x.tgz
cd Python-3.10.x
- Install
dependencies from RPM files:
bash
sudo rpm -ivh /path/to/dependencies/*.rpm
- Build
and install Python:
bash
./configure --enable-optimizations
make
sudo make install
- Verify
the installation:
bash
python3.10 --version
6. Set Python 3.10 as Default (Optional)
If you want to use Python 3.10 as the default python3:
bash
sudo alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3
/usr/local/bin/python3.10 1
sudo alternatives --config python3
7. Troubleshooting
If you encounter any missing dependency errors, ensure all
required RPMs are downloaded and transferred to the EC2 instance.
Let me know if you need additional help!
Let me clarify Point 3: Download Required Dependencies
for you.
Why Dependencies Are Needed?
To compile and install Python 3.10 from source, your EC2
instance requires specific libraries and tools, such as:
- A C
compiler (like gcc).
- Libraries
for compression, SSL, and other Python features (zlib-devel, openssl-devel,
etc.).
Since your EC2 instance does not have internet access, these
dependencies need to be downloaded on your Windows machine and
transferred to the EC2 instance.
Steps to Download Required Dependencies
Step 1: Identify Required Packages
Python 3.10 typically requires:
- gcc
(for compiling the source code)
- make
- zlib-devel
- openssl-devel
- libffi-devel
- bzip2-devel
- sqlite-devel
- Other
optional libraries for Python features
Step 2: Use a System with Internet Access
Since you're on a Windows machine, you can either:
- Use a
Linux VM with internet connectivity (e.g., Ubuntu or CentOS running in
VirtualBox or WSL).
- Access
a package repository to download these dependencies as .rpm files.
Step 3: Download RPM Files
- Use RPMFind.net to locate and
download the appropriate RPM files for Red Hat 8.6 (the OS running
on your EC2 instance). For example:
- Search
for gcc and download its .rpm.
- Search
for openssl-devel, zlib-devel, etc.
- Ensure
all dependencies of these packages (sub-dependencies) are also
downloaded.
- Alternatively,
if you have access to a system with yum (like another Red Hat-based
system):
bash
yumdownloader gcc make zlib-devel openssl-devel libffi-devel
bzip2-devel sqlite-devel
This command downloads the .rpm files without installing
them.
Step 4: Transfer RPM Files to EC2
- Use an
SCP tool (e.g., WinSCP) or scp command to copy the RPM files to the EC2
instance:
bash
scp -i your-key.pem /path/to/rpm/files/*.rpm
user@ec2-instance-ip:/path/to/destination
Step 5: Install RPMs on EC2
On the EC2 instance:
- Navigate
to the directory where you copied the .rpm files:
bash
cd /path/to/rpm/files
- Install
the packages:
bash
sudo rpm -ivh *.rpm
If there are dependency errors, ensure all required
sub-dependencies are also present and install them.
This ensures your EC2 instance has all the tools and
libraries to compile Python 3.10 successfully.
Option 1: Use a Compatible Repository
Use CentOS 8 Stream or Red Hat 8 compatible
RPMs. These are often available from trusted repositories like:
- CentOS
Vault (CentOS 8 is binary-compatible with Red Hat 8):
https://vault.centos.org/ - Red
Hat CDN (requires subscription):
If you have a Red Hat Developer subscription, you can download packages from Red Hat's official repository using a Red Hat system.
Search for the following package names:
- gcc
- gcc-c++
- glibc-devel
- glibc-headers
- libgcc
Option 2: Use a Yum-Enabled System
If you have a CentOS or Red Hat system with internet access:
- Install
yum-utils:
bash
sudo yum install yum-utils
- Download
the required packages for offline use:
bash
yumdownloader gcc glibc-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel
libffi-devel bzip2-devel sqlite-devel
- Transfer
these .rpm files to your Windows machine or directly to the EC2 instance.
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/gcc-c++-8.5.0-4.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/glibc-devel-2.28-211.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/libffi-devel-3.1-22.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/make-4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/bzip2-devel-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/zlib-devel-1.2.11-19.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/openssl-devel-1.1.1k-5.el8.x86_64.rpm
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